Heat and Dusty Winds in Makkah During Hajj 2026
The National Center for Meteorology forecasts extreme heat up to 47°C and strong dusty winds in the holy sites of Makkah during the pilgrimage in 2026.
Temperature and Wind Conditions Forecast
The National Center for Meteorology of Saudi Arabia has published a detailed weather forecast for the Hajj 2026 period. From the beginning of the month of Dhul-Hijjah until the Day of Tarwiyah (8th of Dhul-Hijjah), maximum temperatures are expected to range from 44 to 47 degrees Celsius. Nighttime temperatures will fluctuate between 28 and 31 degrees. Humidity is forecasted to be at 10–40 percent, which will create additional discomfort in the heat. Southwest and northwest winds will blow at speeds of 15–40 km/h, raising dust and sand, especially during the daytime.
Conditions During the Day of Arafah
The period from the Day of Arafah to the 13th of Dhul-Hijjah will be characterized by hot weather with clear or partly cloudy skies. Continued wind activity with intense dust and sand movement is expected. Maximum temperatures will reach 42–44 degrees, while minimums will be 26–29 degrees. Humidity will reach 55 percent. Meteorologists do not rule out the possibility of thunderstorm activity over the highlands of Taif province, potentially spreading to the holy sites, accompanied by downdrafts that will enhance the lifting of dust and sand.
Monitoring System and Preparation for the Hajj Season
The National Center for Meteorology has prepared for the Hajj season using advanced technologies and specialized personnel. The operational plan includes round-the-clock monitoring of atmospheric conditions in Makkah, the holy sites, Medina, and access routes. Meteorological radars, satellite images, and the Saudi numerical forecasting model are used for this purpose. The observation network consists of 59 automatic stations, 19 mobile stations, 3 stationary and 1 mobile radar, as well as ground and upper-atmospheric observation stations.
Practical Tips for Pilgrims
In conditions of extreme heat and dusty winds, pilgrims need to take additional precautions. Wear loose, light-colored clothing made of natural materials that reflect solar heat and allow the skin to breathe. Continuously drink water, even if you do not feel thirsty — dehydration develops quickly at temperatures above 45 degrees. Use sunglasses and a head covering for protection from the sun and dust. Plan intense activities for the early morning hours or evening when temperatures are lower. Keep an eye on the forecasts from the meteorological center and avoid being in open areas during peak heat (from 12 to 16 hours).
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the maximum temperature expected in Makkah during Hajj?
The maximum temperature is forecasted to be between 42–47 degrees Celsius depending on the period of Hajj. At the beginning of the month of Dhul-Hijjah, temperatures will be higher than during the Day of Arafah.
How will dusty winds affect conditions in the holy sites?
Strong winds at speeds of 15–40 km/h will raise dust and sand, especially during the day. This may impair visibility and breathing, so it is recommended to use protective masks and glasses.
What safety measures should pilgrims take?
It is essential to drink enough water, avoid direct sunlight at noon, wear light-colored clothing, and monitor meteorological forecasts. If signs of heatstroke occur (dizziness, weakness), seek medical help immediately.
